Es el mercado Racional?
Depende el futuro del pasado?
• La teoría económica clásica asume que el mercado esta conformado por actores racionales.
• Todos los participantes del mercado disponen de la máxima información posible, y toman decisiones racionales basadas en ella.
• El precio de cualquier instrumento refleja el consenso racional del mercado.
• Las variaciones del mercado son Brownianas (aleatorias), el futuro no depende del pasado.
• Creen ustedes que esto es correcto?
No hay Mercados Racionales
Eficiencia y racionalidad son cosas diferentes
• La historia ha mostrado que los participantes del mercado son realmente irracionales (no creo que nos sorprenda esto).
• No todos tienen acceso a la misma información.
• La información pública tiene demasiado “ruido” (twitter, reddit, etc).
• El mercado Americano es ciertamente eficiente pero no racional.
• Los modelos matemáticos basados en racionalidad han fracasado multiples veces en la historia del mercado (1987, 2001, 2008/2009 por ejemplo).
Existen Alternativas?
Sí! Usando la psicología del mercado.
• Desde los años 30 existe todo un sistema de análisis que asume que lo más importante es el sentimiento de los participantes del mercado.
• Ese es un sistema basado en las emociones humanas, y las tendencias que los humanos tienen a formar grupos y seguir ciegamente a otros.
• Ademas, el sistema asume un comportamiento cíclico en las fases del comportamiento (todo se repite en ciclos, miedo, euforia, avaricia, etc.).
• Su inventor se llama Ralph Nelson Elliott (1871-1948).
• El sistema se conoce como La Teoría de las Ondas de Elliott.
Terminología Básica
• Motive wave: Es la onda que lleva la tendencia, siempre esta compuesta de 5 ondas.
• Corrective wave: Es la onda que se opone a la tendencia y siempre esta compuesta de 3 ondas.
Ondas de Elliott
Como monetizarlas?
• Si logramos saber en qué tipo de onda estamos, tenemos una pieza de información muy importante. Estamos en una onda Motive o Correctiva?
• Si estamos en motive, y sabemos que vamos a empezar una onda 3 podemos posicionarnos agresivamente (son las mejores ondas para trade).
• Si vemos diagonales finales o triángulos correctivos, sabemos que la tendencia reciente va a cambiar, y podemos reducir el riesgo (si estamos jugando en la dirección prevalente de mercado).
• Usando Pinball Fibonacci podemos predecir niveles de precios (para otra charla).
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